DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL DESIGN COURSE
DESCRIPTIONS
ENT 101: Basic Design I
Local Credit :5 / ECTS :10
This course develops students' visual and tactile perception and enables them to use the fundamental
elements and principles of design as tools for thinking, communication, and problem solving. Point, line, plane,
surface, volume, space, colour, and texture are examined through relationships of balance, hierarchy, rhythm,
contrast, emphasis, and unity. Gestalt principles of perception and the visual and physical relationships
among form, material, and structure are also addressed. Students translate an abstract or conceptual problem
into two- and three-dimensional compositions, models, and basic prototypes while learning to organise parts
into a coherent whole and develop alternative solutions. Studio work establishes a foundation for refining
design decisions through iteration, incorporating critical feedback into the process, and explaining proposals
through clear visual and verbal reasoning.
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ENT 103: Introduction to Industrial Design
Local Credit :3 / ECTS :3
This course introduces the scope, basic terminology, professional roles, and responsibilities of industrial
design. The concepts of design, product, culture, and product design are examined through the relationships
among production, craft, industry, and standardisation. The pragmatic, semantic, and syntactic dimensions of
products are considered alongside form, function, ergonomics, user experience, manufacturing method, and
market conditions. The course also explains how industrial design collaborates with, and differs from, fields
such as engineering, architecture, art, and business. Students become familiar with the principal stages of a
design process, including problem definition, user research, and preparation for production, and develop the
ability to critically examine mass-produced objects used in everyday life. Ergonomics, sustainability, inclusive
design, and professional ethics are considered fundamental areas of responsibility that inform design
decisions.
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ENT 105: Technical Drawing I
Local Credit :3 / ECTS :4
This course develops the ability to represent three-dimensional products and components through clear,
accurate, and standard-compliant two-dimensional technical drawings. Line types and hierarchy, standard
lettering, sheet formats, and title-block organisation are studied together with orthographic projection,
principal views, hidden details, sections, parallel perspective, dimensioning, and tolerances. Using freehand
and technical drawing tools, students analyse the proportion, scale, internal structure, and geometric
relationships of objects. They learn to interpret three-dimensional form from technical views and convert a
three-dimensional product into the required views. Applications follow ISO, DIN, and TSE technical drawing
principles. By the end of the course, students can communicate design intent in a technical language shared
by engineers, manufacturers, and practitioners and can prepare legible technical sheets that address
production requirements.
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ENT 107: Perspective and Visualization
Local Credit:3 / ECTS:4
This course develops students' ability to observe and analyse objects, forms, and spaces and to represent
them clearly in two-dimensional media. Fundamental principles of perspective, object and spatial drawing,
composition, pattern, repetition, rhythm, colour, abstraction, and collage form the main areas of study. The
proportions, details, and spatial relationships of natural and artificial forms are examined and translated into
visual expressions. Students learn to combine different visual elements in coherent compositions, simplify and
transform forms at different levels of abstraction, and produce visual work using conventional or recyclable
materials. Relating two-dimensional drawings and compositions to three-dimensional design thinking
establishes the visual foundation required to develop and communicate design ideas. The course supports the
observational, sketching, and visual representation skills used in industrial design studios.
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ENT 102: Basic Design II
Local Credit :5 / ECTS :10
This course advances the visual thinking and form-development knowledge acquired in Basic Design I through
more complex design relationships. Form, proportion, rhythm, balance, contrast, hierarchy, colour, texture,
material, and spatial organisation are considered holistically in two- and three-dimensional compositions.
Students learn to select fundamental design elements and principles in response to a defined purpose, analyse
their relationships, and generate alternative solutions to visual or spatial problems. Abstract ideas are made
tangible through drawings, compositions, models, and mock-ups, while formal decisions are refined through
experimentation and iteration. By the end of the course, students can evaluate their design processes,
incorporate critical feedback into their work, and explain their decisions visually and verbally. This knowledge
strengthens the visual decision-making foundation required to address user, function, and production
requirements in subsequent product design studios.
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ENT 104: Geometric Principles in Design
Local Credit :3 / ECTS :3
This course enables first-year students to understand two- and three-dimensional geometric relationships and
use geometry as a means of analysing design and generating form. Points, lines, planes, angles, basic
geometric shapes and solids, geometric construction methods, proportion, scale, modules, and grid systems
are examined. Principles of organisation are explored through symmetry, rhythm, repetition, pattern,
tessellation, geometric transformation, curves, and polyhedra. Students analyse geometric structures in
natural and artificial objects, transform two-dimensional arrangements into three-dimensional forms, and
develop alternative configurations. Expressing geometric relationships through drawings, diagrams, models,
and basic digital applications enables students to apply scale, proportion, and spatial organisation
consciously in design decisions. The course provides an analytical foundation for form development and
technical representation in industrial design studios.
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ENT 106: Technical Drawing II
Local Credit :3 / ECTS :4
This course advances the drawing and technical communication knowledge acquired in Technical Drawing I by
applying it to complex products and components. Advanced view construction, sections, details, auxiliary
views, dimensioning, tolerances, surface characteristics, and technical symbols form the principal content.
Students analyse complex geometries, convert three-dimensional products into standard-compliant two
dimensional representations, dimension products and parts comprehensively, and present technical
information in a legible drawing arrangement. Drawings are evaluated not only for formal accuracy but also in
relation to design intent, production requirements, and interdisciplinary communication. By the end of the
course, students can translate a product's geometric, structural, and surface characteristics into technical
documentation suitable for production, identify missing or inconsistent information in drawings, and explain
their design decisions in technical terms.
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ENT 108: Computer-Aided Design I
Local Credit :3 / ECTS :4
This course establishes a foundation for developing, modelling, technically representing, and presenting
design ideas in a computer-aided design environment. The role of computer-aided design in the industrial
design process is examined through geometric thinking, dimensional and proportional relationships, editable
two-dimensional drawing, and basic solid and surface modelling principles. Students transfer design ideas into
a digital environment, create basic three-dimensional models and alternatives, and assess model geometry in
terms of technical accuracy and design intent. Saving digital outputs in appropriate formats and transferring
them between design stages are also included. The course develops an understanding of digital tools as means
of analysing design problems, comparing alternatives, and testing decisions, rather than solely representing
final outcomes. It provides the basic digital infrastructure needed to support design studio, technical drawing,
material, and production studies.
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ENT 201: Industrial Design I
Local Credit :5 / ECTS :10
This course is the first studio that moves students from basic design education into the product design process.
A design problem is addressed by considering users and their needs together with function, ergonomics,
materials, production, and context of use. Students learn to analyse the given problem, conduct relevant
research, and convert the resulting data into design criteria. Different product ideas are developed from these
criteria, alternatives are compared, and the selected solution is justified. Design thinking is developed through
sketches and visual representations, then made tangible and evaluated through two- and three-dimensional
models and basic prototypes. By the end of the course, students can move beyond form-making and conduct
a systematic industrial design process from research to a product proposal. They also develop the ability to
present the process and final product through verbal, visual, and technical means and refine their work in
response to feedback.
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ENT 203: Design History I
Local Credit :3 / ECTS :3
This course examines the emergence and historical development of industrial design in relation to cultural,
social, technological, and economic conditions. Changes in design thought and form are studied through
major periods, currents, approaches, designers, design schools, and movements. The effects of developments
in manufacturing technologies and materials on product form, function, and context of use are evaluated.
Students learn to compare design examples from different periods, interpret them within their social and
cultural settings, and explain the contributions of historical turning points to the discipline. Relating current
design approaches to earlier developments supports a critical and context-sensitive understanding of design
history. By the end of the course, students can select and organise information from design history sources,
analyse products using historical evidence, and present their findings through coherent academic and visual
narratives.
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ENT 205: Ergonomics
Local Credit :3 / ECTS :3
This course treats the physical, cognitive, and perceptual characteristics of people as fundamental inputs to
industrial design decisions. Human-product, human-environment, and human-system interactions are
examined through anthropometry, basic anatomy and biomechanics, working postures, reach and movement
ranges, force, frequency of use, and user diversity. Students learn to interpret anthropometric data, include
different physical and cognitive characteristics in the design process, and analyse use scenarios from an
ergonomic perspective. Findings are translated into concrete design criteria for safety, comfort, accessibility,
usability, and effectiveness of use. Theoretical knowledge is connected to product and system analyses so that
ergonomic requirements can be assessed alongside functional, aesthetic, and technical criteria. By the end of
the course, students can develop user-based design decisions and justify their proposals in terms of human
factors.
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ENT 207: Computer-Aided Design II
Local Credit :3 / ECTS :4
This course extends basic computer-aided design skills through advanced modelling knowledge for developing
complex product geometries. Solid, surface, and parametric modelling approaches are considered together
with principles of dimension, proportion, geometric continuity, and technical accuracy. Students learn to
select a modelling method appropriate to the design requirements, construct complex two- and three
dimensional geometries, and refine product form in a digital environment. They develop design alternatives
through iterative modifications and assess the results in terms of manufacturability and design integrity.
Preparing digital data for technical drawing, visualisation, or production processes enables reliable transfer of
information between design stages. By the end of the course, students can use computer-aided design tools
as instruments for design development and problem solving, justify decisions through the digital model, and
present their work clearly.
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ENT 209: Materials in Design
Local Credit :3 / ECTS :3
This course examines the principal material groups used in industrial design and the relationship between
material properties and product decisions. The physical, mechanical, chemical, and aesthetic properties of
materials are considered together with their effects on conditions of use, function, durability, form, user
experience, and perceived value. Basic processing and manufacturing methods are evaluated in terms of how
a material can be shaped and transformed into a product. Students learn to determine the properties required
by a design problem, compare suitable materials and production methods, and justify selections through
technical, aesthetic, economic, and sustainability criteria. By relating theoretical material knowledge to
product examples and design decisions, students understand that material determines product performance,
use, manufacture, and character as well as its form. The course develops the ability to apply material
knowledge in studio projects and anticipate the consequences of different choices.
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ENT 200: Summer Internship I (Production)
Local Credit: 3 / ECTS: 5
This Internship enables students to connect the knowledge and skills acquired in design studios with actual
industrial production conditions at a department-approved establishment that manufactures industrial
products. Students examine the production process from the arrival of raw materials and semi-finished
components to the assembly, quality control, packaging and storage of the final product, focusing on material
processing methods, machinery and tools, mould systems, production planning, workflow, occupational
health and safety, and environmental practices. They evaluate how design decisions concerning form,
material, wall thickness, tolerances, surface treatments and joining details affect manufacturability, cost,
production time and product quality, while observing interdisciplinary collaboration among designers,
engineers, technicians and production personnel. Students document the technical knowledge and
experience gained during the internship in an academically and professionally prepared report supported by
daily records, process diagrams, technical drawings, sketches and permitted visual materials.
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ENT 202: Industrial Design II
Local Credit :5 / ECTS :10
This course develops fundamental product design abilities through more complex, multivariable design
problems. Students analyse research data concerning users and contexts of use, translate the findings into
design criteria, and develop alternative product concepts. The course examines how a product works, is
manufactured, and is used as well as how it appears; ergonomic, functional, aesthetic, technical, and
production requirements are evaluated within the same process. Design decisions are related to appropriate
materials and manufacturing methods. Ideas are developed through sketches, digital models, physical
models, and prototypes, and alternatives are compared against user needs and defined criteria. By the end of
the course, students can conduct a systematic process from research to a feasible product proposal, test the
solution through prototyping, document their work, and present the final product using professional design
communication methods.
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ENT 204: Design History II
Local Credit :3 / ECTS :3
This course examines the development of modern and contemporary design through historical transformations
from the twentieth century onward. Modernism, postmodernism, digitalisation, globalisation, sustainability,
and new production technologies are considered alongside relevant movements, approaches, designers, and
design schools. Students learn to compare design products in terms of form, function, technology, and
ideology and interpret them within the social, cultural, and economic conditions in which they emerged. The
influence of technological and manufacturing developments on design thought and product language is
analysed. Historical continuities and breaks are critically evaluated in relation to current design practices. By
the end of the course, students can explain the major stages of modern and contemporary design, discuss the
contributions of different approaches using evidence, and present design history research through visual and
verbal narratives grounded in academic sources.
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ENT 206: Structural Design and Product Mechanics
Local Credit :3 / ECTS :5
This course relates the physical integrity, load-bearing behaviour, and mechanical operation of products to the
industrial design process. Fundamental concepts such as force, moment, load, stress, deformation,
equilibrium, motion, and mechanisms are examined at the product scale. Students learn to analyse structural
requirements arising from conditions of use, explain how basic mechanical systems operate, and develop
structural or mechanical alternatives appropriate to a problem. Relationships among product form, material,
and structural behaviour are evaluated together with durability, safety, function, and manufacturability.
Applying theoretical mechanics to design problems makes the physical consequences of formal decisions
explicit. By the end of the course, students can analyse the basic load and motion relationships of a product,
incorporate structural and mechanical requirements into the design process, and explain the developed
solution through technical reasoning.
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ENT 208: Prototyping in Design
Local Credit :3/ ECTS :5
This course focuses on materialising, testing, and developing design ideas through physical or digital
prototypes. The different purposes and stages of prototyping within the design process are examined, and
students learn to select a method appropriate to the problem and the design decision that needs validation.
Prototypes made with different materials and production techniques are evaluated in terms of function,
ergonomics, form, user interaction, and manufacturability. Findings from testing are used to identify design
problems at an early stage, compare alternatives, and refine the solution iteratively. The effects of material,
time, cost, and production conditions on prototyping decisions are also considered. The course integrates
design, ergonomics, materials, and manufacturing knowledge in a feasible solution. Students understand the
prototype as a development tool that tests and supports design decisions rather than merely as a model of the
final product.
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ENT 301: Industrial Design III
Local Credit :5 / ECTS :10
This advanced studio course develops students' design research and conceptual thinking through
relationships among users, culture, technology, and systems. Research findings are interpreted and translated
into design criteria and a coherent conceptual framework. User experience, function, form, ergonomics,
cultural context, sustainability, materials, and production are related within a single design problem.
Knowledge acquired in graphic and packaging design, materials, and prototyping is incorporated to consider
the product within a particular system of use and meaning. Students compare design alternatives against
defined criteria, explain causal relationships among their decisions, and conduct a systematic process from
research to development. By the end of the course, students can defend design proposals through theoretical
and practical reasoning and develop them in response to critical feedback.
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ENT 303: Graphic and Packaging Design
Local Credit :3/ ECTS :5
This course examines the relationship between the physical design of a product and its visual identity, user
communication, and packaging. Graphic language, typography, colour, composition, and visual hierarchy are
considered together with brand communication, packaging form, and user interaction. Students learn to
analyse communication among the product, brand, and target user and to organise required information and
product identity within a coherent visual system. The physical form of the package and its graphic elements
are integrated with reference to function, ergonomics, aesthetics, context of use, and communication
objectives. Developed solutions are evaluated through digital and physical prototypes to test the relationship
between graphic decisions and three-dimensional form. By the end of the course, students can treat packaging
as an industrial design component that conveys information, supports brand perception, and affects user
experience.
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ENT 305: Sustainable Design
Local Credit :3 / ECTS :5
This course treats sustainability principles as a fundamental area of decision-making in the industrial design
process. The environmental, social, and economic effects of products are related to material selection,
production, use, maintenance, and post-use stages. Students learn to examine the main stages of a product
life cycle, compare materials and manufacturing methods from a sustainability perspective, and assess how
energy, resource, and waste use affect design decisions. Reuse, repair, recycling, and circular design
principles are considered among the design options for reducing effects across a product's life cycle. The
course connects sustainability concepts to specific product decisions rather than treating them as a general
environmental theme. By the end of the course, students can analyse the effects of a product proposal across
different stages and criteria, compare alternatives, and incorporate well-reasoned sustainable design
decisions into the design process.
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ENT 300: Summer Internship II (Office)
Local Credit: 3 / ECTS: 5
This Internship enables students to participate in professional product-development processes at a
department-approved industrial design office, design consultancy, or design or research and development unit
of a manufacturing company. Students observe and undertake appropriate responsibilities in interpreting the
design brief, defining the problem, conducting user, market and competitor research, developing ideas,
sketching, two- and three-dimensional modelling, visualization, mock-up and prototype preparation, design
review meetings, revisions and final presentations. They examine communication between designers,
engineers, marketing specialists, manufacturers, clients and other stakeholders, as well as professional
practices related to time, budget and project management, professional ethics, confidentiality and intellectual
property. Students present their contributions and professional experience in an academic internship report
supported by daily records, sketches, digital work and process descriptions, in accordance with the host
institution’s approval and confidentiality requirements.
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ENT 302 Industrial Design IV
Local Credit :5 / ECTS :10
As the final studio course of the third year, this course integrates students' research, conceptual thinking, and
technical design abilities within one comprehensive problem. A conceptual framework developed from
research findings is related to user, function, ergonomics, aesthetics, materials, structure, production, and
sustainability requirements. Knowledge acquired from graphic and packaging design, prototyping, and other
supporting courses is applied to a detailed and coherent product solution. Students analyse user and product
factors to develop original proposals, construct integrated product families or systems where appropriate, and
consider production methods from the early stages of the process. Design decisions are tested through three
dimensional modelling, visualisation, and working prototypes. By the end of the course, students can explain
what they designed, why they made the relevant decisions, and how the proposal can be realised, using
research and technical evidence.
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ENT 304 Design and Project Management
Local Credit :3 / ECTS :5
This course provides the fundamental knowledge and abilities required to plan, organise, and conduct an
industrial design project from the initial idea to market introduction. Students learn to define the project's
business objectives, scope, target group, and constraints of time, budget, and human resources, and to
consider schedules, costs, and risks together. Communication, allocation of responsibilities, and
coordination among design, engineering, production, and marketing units are addressed within a multi
stakeholder project structure. Industrial design registration, patents, utility models, trademarks, copyright,
professional ethics, and contracts constitute the legal dimension of project management. Knowledge of
economics, marketing, consumer behaviour, ergonomics, social psychology, and sustainability is connected
to the management of design decisions. By the end of the course, students can plan design processes in
relation to resources and objectives and communicate professionally with interdisciplinary teams.
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ENT 401: Industrial Design V
Local Credit :5 / ECTS :10
This course enables students to integrate their industrial design knowledge through a comprehensive studio
project that reflects professional design practice. A realistic design problem is researched in relation to the
user, market, brand, and context of use, and findings are translated into design criteria and product
requirements. Alternative solutions are developed and compared through functional, ergonomic, aesthetic,
and technical criteria. Decisions concerning materials, manufacturing methods, assembly, cost, and
manufacturability are incorporated from concept development through detailed product design. Use,
production, maintenance, transportation, and post-use scenarios are considered together. The selected
solution is detailed through technical drawings, three-dimensional models, prototypes, and visual
representations. By the end of the course, students can explain design decisions through research and
technical reasoning, document and present the process to professional standards, and refine their work in
response to critical feedback.
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ENT 403: Design Economics and Business
Local Credit: 3 / ECTS: 5
This course examines the economic consequences of design decisions and the process of transforming a
product idea into a feasible, marketable and sustainable commercial value. Supply and demand, competition,
consumer behaviour, market segmentation and market research are studied in relation to product costs,
pricing, profitability, financial feasibility and value propositions. Students learn to analyse production,
logistics, marketing and distribution costs and to develop appropriate business models, brand-positioning
approaches and commercialization strategies. The establishment of independent design offices and start-ups
is examined through basic company structures, taxation, contracts, intellectual and industrial property rights,
investment sources, support mechanisms such as TÜBİTAK and KOSGEB, and technology-development and
incubation ecosystems. By the end of the course, students can prepare a market- and cost-based business
model, business plan, financial projections and professional investor presentation for a design venture and
justify their commercial decisions according to economic, ethical and sustainability criteria.
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ENT 402: Industrial Design VI
Local Credit :5 / ECTS :10
At the final stage of undergraduate education, this course enables students to integrate their knowledge of
basic design, product development, research, technical representation, and professional practice within an
independent design process. A real or realistic problem is addressed by jointly considering the user, market,
brand, function, ergonomics, materials, production, assembly, cost, sustainability, and context of use.
Research data are translated into explicit design criteria and product requirements, and alternatives are
developed through functional, aesthetic, and technical reasoning. Production, use, maintenance, and post
use processes are examined through scenarios. The selected solution is detailed through technical drawings,
three-dimensional models, prototypes, and professional visual representations. By the end of the course,
students can independently manage a comprehensive, research-based product design, integrate material and
manufacturing decisions into the solution, document and defend the process to professional standards, and
refine it in response to feedback.
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ENT 404: Professional Practice
Local Credit :3 / ECTS :5
This course relates the design knowledge and abilities acquired throughout the undergraduate programme to
the ethical, legal, managerial, financial, and communication requirements of industrial design practice. The
duties, authority, and responsibilities of industrial designers are examined through employment within a
company, design consultancy, freelance practice, and entrepreneurship. Relationships with clients,
employers, manufacturers, and interdisciplinary teams are addressed in connection with design briefs,
proposals, contracts, fees, schedules, budgets, and resource management. Professional ethics and
intellectual and industrial property rights include the basic distinctions among copyright, patents, utility
models, trademarks, and design registration. Students also develop skills in preparing a professional CV,
portfolio, job application, interview, and project presentation. The course enables students to evaluate
different modes of professional practice and base their post-graduation career planning on informed
professional choices.
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ELECTIVE COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
ENT 113: Art History
Local Credit :3 / ECTS :5
This course develops students' visual culture and art literacy by examining the historical development of art in
relation to the aesthetic, cultural, social, and intellectual conditions of different periods. Major stages of
development, art movements, representative figures, and important turning points from antiquity to the
modern era are addressed. Students learn to analyse works of art in terms of form, composition, technique,
subject, and content and to interpret them within their historical and cultural contexts. Comparing examples
from different periods and movements supports critical evaluation of the relationships among art, society,
culture, and thought. By the end of the course, students can use the fundamental concepts and approaches
of art history, relate visual evidence to historical knowledge, and present research findings through academic
and visual narratives. This knowledge provides a foundation for decisions concerning form, meaning, and
cultural context in industrial design.
